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BCSnob
Middletown, MD
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Per capita values are the best way to evaluate emissions from a population and their habits. Choosing to use national emissions give small countries like UAE, Qatar, Kuwait a pass on how dirty they are. Not “cooking the books” as you claim.
Same argument for using Covid cases per 100,000 vs total Covid cases; tells you if there is high transmissions vs just high population. Or in the case of CO2, high emissions or low emissions from a lot of people.
Why should everyone in a highly populated country be expected to emit less co2 than everyone in a low populated country? Shouldn’t everyone in world be expected to emit the same (or at least not exceed a world wide threshold) since their emissions are all going to the same place (world atmosphere)? By your math everyone in a small country (like Iceland) could burn coal to heat their houses and other buildings, and burn coal to produce electricity and still not be a big emitter. Where would we be if every country in the world (no matter the size or population) emitted the same amount of GHG as the USA, since by your math we are going on amt/country?
* This post was
edited 10/14/21 10:51am by BCSnob *
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Deb and Ed M
SW MI & Space Coast, FL USA
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colliehauler wrote:dodge guy wrote:Anyone with good used equipment is going to make some money, if they want to sell them. Or increased sales in bordering states. ![[emoticon]](http://www.rv.net/sharedcontent/cfb/images/wink.gif "wink")
That was my first thought - "time to open a lawn equipment shop in western Nevada"!
I wonder what they'll do about new RVs that come with generators?
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Timmo!
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Interesting perspective in this opinion piece---
Two words: Unintended Consequences.
California’s gas lawn equipment ban hits the little guys
Gov. Gavin Newsom’s signature on Assembly Bill 1346 makes one wonder whether California politicians ever fully understand — or even want to understand — the ramifications of their decisions.
The measure aims to eliminate the sales of gasoline-powered lawn equipment, such as mowers, string trimmers, leaf blowers and other devices, within a few years.
The purpose, it’s said, is to eliminate the exhaust emissions from small engines that create smog and contribute to global warming.
The bill’s author, Assemblyman Marc Berman, a Menlo Park Democrat, contends that “operating the best-selling, gas-powered commercial leaf blower for one hour emits air pollutants comparable to driving a 2017 Toyota Camry from Los Angeles to Denver. Smog-forming emissions from small engines will surpass those from passenger vehicles this year.”
One could add that the gas-powered lawn machines also emit jarring levels of noise.
Under AB 1346, the California Air Resources Board will decide how and when sales of gas-powered devices will be prohibited and it could be as early as 2024. A shift to battery-powered machines presumably would occur as older devices need replacement.
Tools powered by rechargeable batteries are convenient, quiet and relatively inexpensive to operate and make perfect sense for the homeowner. Personally, I’ve used them almost exclusively for the past quarter century and wouldn’t have it any other way.
That said, what’s practical for personal use is not necessarily so for lawn care professionals, most of them single persons or small crews, and often immigrants. It’s estimated that California has at least 50,000 such microbusinesses.
Mowing a lawn once a week is one thing, but pros do it a dozen or more times a day to keep their families housed and fed. They would have to not only buy the equipment but dozens of batteries and chargers and have the facilities, including sufficient electric power supplies, to recharge those batteries.
Backers of the legislation, a coalition of public health and environmental groups, would let the Air Resources Board figure out the details. There’s the possibility of a $30 million fund to help buy new equipment.
The arithmetic, however, indicates that the proposed conversion would cost much more than that, either borne by the lawn services or taxpayers.
Andrew Bray, vice president of the National Association of Landscape Professionals, told the Los Angeles Times that “a three-person landscaping crew will need to carry 30 to 40 fully charged batteries to power its equipment during a full day’s work,” adding, “These companies are going to have to completely retrofit their entire workshops to be able to handle this massive change in voltage so they’re going to be charged every day.”
The larger landscape companies that Bray represents could make the switch and adjust their fees accordingly. But how about the little guys?
A basic array of high-quality, battery-powered lawn tools — a mower, a trimmer and a blower — would cost at least $1,000. Enough spare batteries and chargers would at least double the initial cost. So at a minimum, with 50,000 lawn services, the total cost would be $100 million. The real world cost would likely be a quarter-billion dollars or more.
Even were the state willing to cover replacements, how about the infrastructure that small landscapers, operating out of their homes, would need to recharge their batteries? Would we be putting them through a daunting application process? Would the many undocumented landscapers submit the paperwork?
Newsom and the legislators who voted for this bill may think they are doing the right thing, but did they ever consider that they are messing with people’s livelihoods and lives? Nothing in the bill indicates they did.
CalMatters is a public interest journalism venture committed to explaining how California’s state Capitol works and why it matters. For more stories by Dan Walters, go to calmatters.org/commentary
https://www.ocregister.com/2021/10/18/ca........lawn-equipment-ban-hits-the-little-guys/
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Timmo!
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Seems Cali has a 3 prong approach with small engines being lowest hanging fruit....
https://www.ocregister.com/2021/11/24/ba........r-outlawing-gas-leaf-blowers-lawnmowers/
Other changes coming
The crackdown on small powered equipment is one of three upcoming changes backed by clean air advocates.
The board also is expected to vote at its December meeting on an elaborate smog check system for heavy duty trucks, which currently are not required to get smog tests. Although the big rigs are only 3% of vehicle traffic in the state, they produce more than half of the smog and soot emissions, according to board data.
“This is the big enchilada,” said Bill Magavern of the Coalition for Clean Air. “This would be the biggest reduction of emissions in 12 years.”
The third measure under board consideration would create new rules for commercial harbor craft, including commercial sportfishing and whale watching boats, tugboats, ferries and barges. The board held a public hearing on the issue Nov. 19 and is expected to vote early next year on a measure phasing in engines that pollute less.
And we have this tidbit--
Another example of high emissions created by small engines is the operation of a gas-powered lawnmower for an hour, which the board said generates the same amount of air pollutants as driving from Los Angeles to Las Vegas.
Wonder if the vehicle in question is a BEV or ICE? Let's assume it's an ICE vehicle, then that is a testament on how clean ICE vehicles actually are. So emissions from 1 hour of lawnmower operations is equivalent to driving 4 hours at 55-65 mph?
Hmmm...Judge Judy says "if it doesn't make sense, it's usually not true".
And this disclosure as well...
Southern California has long had the worst air quality in the country despite the state boasting the nation’s most extensive emissions regulations. That puts residents at an increased risk of premature death, respiratory and cardiovascular problems, cancer, immune deficiency, and fertility and pregnancy related issues, according to a report by Environment California.
Hmm, the weather patterns in Cali usually starts off shore (west) and flows eastwardly--which means the poor air quality is generated by the souls living in California. If their "extensive emissions regulations" have no effect, then what will?
IMO, open pit lithium mining in Nevada is not the answer for Californians (and I was one).
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BCSnob
Middletown, MD
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We should know soon (~1 year) if geothermal lithium extraction is a commercially viable method for “mining” Li.
Permits in place for geothermal Lithium production at the Salton Sea
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Timmo!
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That would be great...especially if it will rejuvenate that dead lake (I fished there in the early 60s). But, for this technology to prevail, it requires a geothermal brine; no brine, no lithium. Since earth's crust contains around 0.002% lithium, open pit mining will probably be the mainstay game. Gotta have chunks of earth for lithium extraction.
I truly hope this company will succeed in their gamble; mother earth needs all the help she can get. Just a shame that it will be limited to existing geothermal slurry brine deposits. Any idea how many exist?
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BCSnob
Middletown, MD
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You should read up on geothermal lithium
Quote:Extraction of lithium from geothermal brines from the Salton Sea area is of great interest because their lithium concentrations are as high as 400 mg/L.
CA Energy Commission
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Timmo!
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How many geothermal brine locations are there in the USA? The world?
What percentage of the future lithium demand can be met with geothermal brine extraction?
Salton Sea is not very large and was created as the result of human error. Very "abbey normal" (Young Frankenstein).
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BCSnob
Middletown, MD
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I’ve provided many links to this technology over the past months. Go read up. Here’s another.
Quote:An emerging geothermal technology the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) is researching is direct lithium extraction (DLE), which extracts lithium from underground brine. DLE could be a game-changing extraction method, potentially delivering 10 times the current U.S. lithium demand from California’s Salton Sea known geothermal area alone.
Average lithium supply from underneath this salt lake is estimated at more than 24,000 metric tons annually, according to a 2021 NREL report, "Techno-Economic Analysis of Lithium Extraction from Geothermal Brines," authored by Ian Warren, senior geoscientist at NREL.
Using Direct Lithium Extraction To Secure U.S. Supplies
Here’s another Lithium Recovery from Oil and Gas Produced Water
* This post was
edited 11/25/21 08:09am by BCSnob *
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BCSnob
Middletown, MD
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Lithium production appears to be on a similar path as oil. When demand and price were low we only produced oil from the easiest/cheapest sources: shallow wells on ground. As demand/prices increased we developed technologies to produce oil from more difficult/costlier sources: rigs in the Gulf of Mexico and in the North Atlantic, and extraction from oil sands. As demand/price increase for Li we will develop technologies to produce it from other sources than what are currently being used. If we have the will to protect the environment we will than choose to not use those Li sources/methods that have significant environmental impacts.
Energy Department Announces Phase 1 Sem........s of Geothermal Lithium Extraction Prize
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